业务量稳步攀升带动业务收入持续增长。1至8月，邮政行业业务收入累计完成11610.6亿元，同比增长 7.8%。其中，快递业务收入累计完成9583.7亿元，同比增长9.2%。 分地域看，1至8月，东、中、西部地区快递业务量比重分别为71.4%、19.4%和9.2%。与去年同期相 比，中部地区快递业务量比重上升0.9个百分点；西部地区快递业务量比重上升0.5个百分点。 记者18日从国家邮政局获悉：今年1至8月，邮政行业寄递业务量累计完成1399.2亿件，同比增长 15.5%。其中，快递业务量累计完成1282亿件，同比增长17.8%。8月单月，邮政行业寄递业务量完成 176.2亿件，同比增长10.5%。其中，快递业务量完成161.5亿件，同比增长12.3%。 分业务看，1至8月，同城快递业务量累计完成105.8亿件，同比增长5.6%；异地快递业务量累计完成 1149.2亿件，同比增长19.1%；国际/港澳台快递业务量累计完成27.0亿件，同比增长16.2%。1-8月，同 城、异地、国际/港澳台快递业务量分别占全部快递业务量的8.3%、89.6%和2.1%。 ...

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涉及的行业与公司 * 行业为中国快递行业[1][5][7] * 涉及的公司包括ZTO Express (ZTO N) 和 YTO Express Group Co Ltd (600233 SS)[5][15][61] 核心观点与论据 * 反内卷倡议推动行业广泛涨价 覆盖约70%的行业包裹量 若全部成功且可持续 覆盖范围可能进一步扩大[1][9] * 价格上调具体情况 广东 浙江 福建自8月起每票上调人民币01-04元 湖南 湖北 江西 河南 河北 北京和天津自9月起每票上调人民币02-04元 湖北和江西计划从10月起进一步提价 山东和江苏的涨价正在讨论中[9] * 市场份额锁定期 广东 浙江和福建的市场份额锁定期已延长 除湖南和湖北外 大多数地区在涨价后都有市场份额锁定期 广东目前的锁定期为8月5日至9月20日 其他地区的当前锁定期较短 但可能进一步延长[4][9] * 行业量增长放缓 ZTO和YTO均提及8月行业量增长放缓[5] * 未来潜在催化剂 涨价后行业量增长趋势 可能影响地方监管执行涨价的决心 锁定期结束后的市场份额动态[9] 其他重要内容 * 摩根斯坦利持有ZTO Express超过1%的普通股[15] * 摩根斯坦利在过去12个月内从ZTO Express获得了投资银行以外的产品和服务补偿[17] * 行业观点为In-Line[7]

行业与公司 * 行业为中国快递行业[1] * 涉及公司包括中通快递(ZTO US 2057 HK)和申通快递(002468 CH)[6] 核心观点与论据 * 专家认为近期价格上调趋势可能扩大并持续 价格上调预计将从广东和义乌扩大至其他省份 政策干预为邮政局打击低于成本的竞争提供了法律依据 预计价格上调将持续约一年时间[3] * 价格上调的持续性存在不确定性 宏观经济压力和严重的产能过剩可能对价格上调构成压力[3] * 上市公司受益程度各异 中通保留了约三分之一的价格上调收益 其他通达系运营商获取了一半的收益[4] * 网络合作伙伴面临巨大利润压力 自9月1日以来的增值税改革和社保引入增加了运营成本 在激烈的价格竞争下网络合作伙伴利润承压[4] * 长期市场整合机会有限 基础设施重叠和整合过程中的文化挑战阻碍市场整合 近期的价格上调改善了落后者的财务状况 延迟了它们退出市场[5] * 上市公司也认为近期价格上调放缓了市场整合进程 但换来了更好的短期利润[5] 投资偏好与估值 * 看好买入评级的中通快递和申通快递 市场领导者中通快递将受益于价格上调范围扩大和竞争缓和 凭借其优质服务加速夺回市场份额 目标价23美元 当前价18.19美元 上行空间26.4%[6] * 作为市场落后者的申通快递应能从最低价格提高中受益最多 目标价20.70元人民币 当前价16.54元人民币 上行空间25.2%[6] * 中通估值采用DCF法 假设WACC为10.0% 终端增长率为1.5%[11] * 申通估值采用远期EV/EBITDA倍数 以2026年为估值基准年 目标EV/EBITDA倍数为8.7倍 2026年预估EBITDA为46亿元人民币[11] 风险因素 * 中通的下行风险包括 电子商务放缓导致量增长弱于预期 行业价格竞争持续激烈 单票ASP降幅超预期 全国性法规提高快递公司及其网络合作伙伴的社保福利成本[11] * 申通的下行风险包括 价格竞争加剧 产能扩张慢于预期 商誉减值风险[11] 其他重要内容 * 专家观点比近期与运营商交流的观点更为积极 运营商预计价格上调将持续到11月的双十一购物节 并认为另一轮价格上调的可能性较低[3] * 专家认为上市公司应与网络合作伙伴和快递员分享更多收益以确保服务稳定性[4] * 不同公司对价格上调收益的分成差异可能解释了股价表现的分化[4] * 中通在香港上市的股份(2057 HK)目标价为180港元 基于汇丰2025年预测的美元兑港元汇率7.80 以及ADS与港股1比1的转换率[11]

涉及的行业与公司 * 行业为中国的交通运输与基础设施 具体聚焦于快递物流行业[1][6][69] * 公司为中通快递(ZTO Express) 股票代码ZTO N与ZTO UN[1][6][69] 核心观点与论据 **市场趋势与竞争格局** * 公司观察到8月份因物流价格上涨导致市场业务量增长放缓 并预计9月至10月的影响将更为显著[3] * 管理层认为低AOV（平均订单价值）包裹的减少对快递行业是一个健康趋势[3] * 对市场份额和定价差距的限制可能会减缓公司的市场份额增长[3] * 行业整合可能通过自然竞争或并购方式有机地实现[9] **定价策略与盈利能力** * 在广东省 底价设定为1 4元 主要玩家的市场份额被锁定直至9月20日[9] * 在广东省 公司与落后同行的价格差距已从涨价前的0 1-0 5元收窄至不足0 1元[9] * 公司在广东省将终端市场价格提高了约0 3元 预计每票受益约0 1元[9] * 在福建、湖南、湖北等地 提价0 2-0 4元也在讨论中 公司预计涨价将持续到旺季[9] **零售件业务发展** * 公司在2025年第二季度处理了8 5亿件 日的零售包裹（5 5亿件退货件和3亿件个人件） 并目标在旺季达到10亿件 日[10] * 公司估计退货件的单位毛利润约为1元 单位利润约为0 6-0 8元[10] * 尽管平均售价下降 但凭借规模效应 退货件的单位经济效益已略有改善[10] **资本支出与成本效率** * 管理层预计中期内资本支出将逐渐减少至每年30-40亿元人民币[9] * 若强制为快递员缴纳社保 管理层认为公司因其更高的单位利润和比同行更高的劳动效率而将受益[9] **财务数据与估值** * 摩根士丹利给予公司增持(Overweight)评级 目标股价23 80美元 较当前18 20美元有31%的上涨空间[6] * 公司当前市值为1026 32亿元人民币 企业价值为910 05亿元人民币[6] * 估值采用贴现现金流法 概率加权为15%看涨情况、75%基准情况、10%看跌情况[11] * 关键假设为13 3%的加权平均资本成本(WACC)和3%的永续增长率[12] 其他重要内容 **上行与下行风险** * 上行风险包括：更快的市场份额增长、更好的成本控制、同行在业务量、收入增长或盈利能力方面的疲软表现、以及股东回报改善[14] * 下行风险包括：持续的市场份额流失、行业竞争比预期更激烈、以及市场整合停滞[14] **利益冲突披露** * 截至2025年7月31日 摩根士丹利持有中通快递1%或以上的某类普通股[20] * 在过去12个月内 摩根士丹利曾从中通快递获得除投资银行服务以外的产品和服务补偿[23] * 摩根士丹利可能持有或交易报告中所讨论公司的债务或衍生品[25][54]

涉及的行业与公司 **行业** * 中国物流、快递包裹与电子商务行业 [2] **公司** * 顺丰控股 (SF Express / SF Holding) [2][3][12][13][14][21][42] * 京东物流 (JD Logistics, JDL) [2][3][4][10][21][42] * 中通快递 (ZTO Express) [3][13][21][42] * 满帮集团 (Full Truck Alliance, YMM) [3][16][17][18][42] * 其他通达系公司：圆通速递 (YTO) [13][14][21][42]、申通快递 (STO) [13][14][19][21][42]、韵达控股 (Yunda) [13][14][21][42] * 京东集团 (JD.com) [3][4] * 其他提及公司：泡泡玛特 (Pop Mart) [2][10]、中国电信 (China Telecom) [2][10]、极兔速递 (J&T) [13][21][42] --- 核心观点与论据 **行业监管与价格趋势** * 中国的反内卷努力对物流行业的定价和市场动态产生积极影响 [2][8][9] * 平均售价(ASP)下降幅度收窄 7月ASP同比下降5% 较6月的-6%和3-5月的-7-8%有所改善 [10] * 7月快递行业收入同比增长9% 达到1210亿元人民币 [10] * 国家邮政局(SPB)和地方政府的干预是推动因素 广东、浙江和北京等地区强调服务质量和包裹定价 [2][9][10][11] * 政府自2025年7月起通过实施《价格法》和利用大数据进行监管执法来应对过度竞争问题 [2][10] **业务量与市场份额** * 7月包裹量保持强劲增长趋势 同比增长15% 达164亿件 [10] * 城际包裹量达147亿件 同比增长16% 占总量的90% 同城包裹量增长8% 达14亿件 占总量8% [10] * 顺丰成为关键赢家 7月包裹量同比激增34% 连续第四个月增长超30% 是其战略进军低价电商包裹细分市场的结果 [2][13] * 顺丰市场份额同比增长1.2个百分点 达到8.4% [14] * 通达系表现分化 圆通市场份额同比增长0.8个百分点至15.8% 申通份额同比下降0.4个百分点至13.3% 韵达份额损失0.9个百分点至13.2% [14] **公司特定战略与表现** * 京东物流对京东外卖业务的执行至关重要 管理着全国全职骑手队伍 [3][4][10] * 京东物流意外被纳入恒生指数(HSI) 预计将带来7100万港元的被动资金流入 相当于9月5日收盘时3倍的日均交易量(ADV) 旨在改善流动性和提振投资者信心 [2][3][10] * 中通快递强调理性定价和反内卷策略 专注于服务质量和盈利能力 [3][13] * 满帮集团2Q25收入增长17% 超出11-13%的指引 但下调FY25收入指引至117-119亿元人民币 较此前指引下调约5% 主要因货运经纪业务下滑和信贷解决方案费率上限 [16][17] **电子商务与零售销售** * 7月线上零售额同比增长13.5% 显著高于6月的8.5% [17] * 线上实物商品GMV同比增长8.3% 线上渗透率达24.8% [17] * 家电销售保持强劲 同比增长29% 通讯设备销售增长15% 但食品销售增长因快速商务市场的激烈价格竞争而大幅放缓至低于10% [17] **投资观点与评级** * 对顺丰、京东物流和中通维持增持(Overweight)评级 对满帮维持中性(Neutral)评级 反映风险/回报平衡的观点 [3][17][18] * 股价表现方面 申通在过去一个月中表现最佳 股价上涨21% 跑赢恒生中国指数(HSCI)17个百分点 年初至今申通和极兔股价分别上涨81%和76% 表现领先 [19][21] --- 其他重要内容 **数据来源与单位** * 行业数据主要引用国家邮政局(SPB)和国家统计局(NBS) [10][17][27][32] * 货币单位主要为人民币(Rmb) 涉及港股时使用港元(HK$) [10][42] **风险提示** * 报告包含一般性免责声明 指出J.P.摩根可能与所覆盖公司存在业务往来 从而可能产生利益冲突 投资者应将此报告仅作为投资决策的单一因素 [6][42] * 满帮集团面临监管变化带来的挑战 [3][17][18]

涉及的公司与行业 * 公司：顺丰控股 (S.F. Holding, 002352.SZ/6936.HK) 与 嘉里物流 (Kerry Logistics, 0636.HK) [1] * 行业：综合物流、快递、货运代理、供应链管理 [1][9] 核心观点与论据 顺丰控股 (S.F. Holding) 2Q25 业绩与展望 * **收入符合预期，利润低于预期**：2Q25 收入同比增长 11% 至 770.08 亿人民币，符合预期，但剔除 10 亿人民币投资利得后的税前净利润为 25.77 亿人民币，低于高盛预期 13%，同比下降 3% [1][14] * **灵活定价策略推动市场份额增长**：为应对竞争，公司采取灵活定价策略，1H25 时效快递业务收入增长 7%，整体包裹量增长加速至 19% 同比，市场份额从 2H24 的 7.4% 扩大至 1H25 的 8.2% [2] * **利润率短期承压，长期改善可期**：2Q25 毛利率为 13.1% (低于高盛预期的 14.6%)，EBIT 利润率为 5.1% (低于高盛预期的 6.0%)，主因灵活定价策略，但运营效率提升部分抵消了影响；公司计划继续投资提升服务质量并维持灵活定价，预计短期毛利率仍有压力，但对 2026 年基于扩大的业务规模实现利润率改善充满信心 [3] * **供应链与国际业务韧性增长**：1H25 供应链与国际业务收入同比增长 10% (但低于高盛预期 2%)，尽管在关税不确定性下增长较 2H24 放缓，但该业务在中国企业出海的大趋势下展现韧性，公司拥有 107 架全货机、79 个清关服务口岸等增强的跨境多式联运能力；高盛预计其 2025 年该业务收入将增长 10% [4][9] * **强劲现金流支持股东回报**：公司宣布派发 25 亿人民币中期股息，派息率为 40%；1H25 资本开支（不含股权投资）同比下降 24% 至 42 亿人民币 (占总收入 2.9%，去年同期为 4.1%)，因鄂州航空货运枢纽等主要投资项目已于 2023 年基本完成；管理层预计 2025 年绝对资本开支将与 2024 年持平 (<100 亿人民币) [10] * **推出长期员工持股计划**：公司推出为期 9 年的“共同成长”员工持股计划，控股股东将无偿捐赠不超过 2 亿股 A 股 (约占已发行股本的 4%) [11] * **目标价与评级**：维持对顺丰 A/H 股的“买入”评级，A 股 12 个月目标价维持 57 元人民币 (基于 8 倍 2025 年 EV/EBITDA)，H 股目标价从 47 港元上调至 52 港元 (基于 7 倍 2025 年 EV/EBITDA，因 A/H 股折价收窄) [12] 嘉里物流 (Kerry Logistics) 展望与风险 * **评级与目标价**：维持对嘉里物流的“中性”评级，基于 SOTP 的 12 个月目标价从 8.3 港元上调至 9.0 港元，主要风险包括货运代理费率及地缘政治不确定性 [13] * **业绩预测调整**：基于 1H25 业绩，将 2025-27E 收入预测上调 6%，现预计 FY25/26E 收入同比增长 3%/3%，并将 2025-27E 核心净利润预测微调 4%-5%，因国际货运代理利润超预期 [28][29] * **关键风险**：包括顺丰与嘉里整合加速带来的利润率改善、全球贸易和商业活动强于预期、出售亏损业务带来现金流改善超预期、中国合同物流和/或东盟快递市场竞争缓和 [30] 财务数据与预测调整 (顺丰控股) * **2Q25 关键财务数据**：收入 770.08 亿人民币 (同比 +11%)，毛利润 101.22 亿人民币 (同比 +1%)，EBIT (高盛定义) 39.21 亿人民币 (同比 -3%)，归属于股东净利润 35.04 亿人民币 (同比 +21%)，税前净利润 25.77 亿人民币 (同比 +3%) [14][16] * **预测调整**：将 2025-27E 收入预测微调 0-1%，主要因供应链与国际业务收入增长更强劲；将 2025-27E 净利润预测下调 2%~0%，主因灵活定价策略；预计 2025E 集团收入增长 9% (不变)，3Q25 收入增长 10% [12][17] * **利润率展望**：预计 3Q25/FY25E 毛利率为 13.4%/13.3% (此前为 14.2%/14.1%)，净利率为 3.8%/3.7% (此前为 4.1%/3.8%) [3] 其他重要内容 * **行业竞争与定价**：数据显示主要快递公司 (如中通、韵达、圆通、申通等) 的日均包裹量和单票收入同比变化，反映了行业内的价格竞争态势 [26][27] * **风险提示**：对顺丰的关键风险包括 prolonged price competition ( prolonged price competition prolonged price competition prolonged price competition prolonged price competition prolonged price competition prolonged price competition prolonged price competition prolonged price competition prolonged price competition prolonged price competition prolonged price competition prolonged price competition prolonged price competition prolonged price competition prolonged price competition prolonged price competition prolonged price competition prolonged price competition prolonged price competition prolonged price competition prolonged price competition prolonged price competition prolonged price competition prolonged price competition prolonged price competition prolonged price competition prolonged price competition prolonged price competition prolonged price competition prolonged price competition prolonged price competition prolonged price competition prolonged price competition prolonged price competition prolonged price competition prolonged price competition prolonged price competition prolonged price competition prolonged price competition prolonged price 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投资策略框架 - Zacks Rank系统专注于盈利预测和预测修订以寻找优质股票[1] - 价值投资策略通过基本面分析识别被低估公司[2] - Style Scores系统突出特定特质股票 价值投资者关注"Value"类别高评级股票[3] 联邦快递估值指标 - 公司当前Zacks Rank评级为2(买入) Value类别评级为A[4] - 市盈率(P/E)为12.43 低于行业平均的12.56 过去一年P/E区间为9.89-14.59 中位数12.56[4] - PEG比率为1.20 低于行业平均的1.40 过去一年PEG区间为0.83-1.25 中位数1.04[5] - 市净率(P/B)为2.02 显著低于行业平均的4.43 过去一年P/B区间为1.78-2.74 中位数2.33[6] - 市现率(P/CF)为6.73 低于行业平均的9.04 过去52周P/CF区间为5.72-8.87 中位数7.47[7] 投资价值结论 - 多项估值指标显示公司当前可能被低估[8] - 结合盈利前景强度 公司被认为是市场中最具价值的股票之一[8]

行业与公司 * 行业为中国快递行业 涉及反内卷政策下的行业变革[2] * 公司包括申通快递(STO Express)[5][9]、韵达股份(Yunda)[5][9]、圆通速递(YTO Express)[5][9]、顺丰控股(SF Holding)[5][9]以及德邦股份(Deppon Logistics)[5][9] 核心观点与论据：价格走势 * 主要地区快递价格开始上涨 义乌市场7月每单价格上涨0.1元人民币 当前0.1公斤包裹的派送价格高于1.2元人民币[3] * 广东地区自8月以来价格上涨更为强劲 0.1公斤包裹零售价涨至每单1.45-1.55元人民币 常规包裹价格上涨0.2-0.3元 折扣包裹价格大幅上涨约0.6元[3] * 尽管价格上涨 但考虑到运营成本 部分加盟商可能仍处于亏损状态 广东涨价的大部分收益流向了快递公司[3] * 新的社保法规和强制性派送成本上升将支持价格持续上涨 强制性社保支出将使每单快递成本增加超过0.1元人民币[4] * 在反内卷和保护快递员收入政策驱动下 广东的派费自8月以来每单上涨超过0.1元 华东和华北地区也出现派费上涨趋势[4] 核心观点与论据：市场竞争与结构 * 不同快递品牌的最低价格存在0.02-0.05元的价差[3] * 广东市场竞争尤为激烈 轻量小包占主导(0.3公斤以下包裹占60%) 低价票占30% 折扣价票占7-11%[3] * 低线城市的快递加盟商社保缴纳率较低 新规将显著增加其成本[4] * 长期的价格竞争压制了派费水平 影响了快递员收入[4] 投资偏好与公司估值 * 更偏好申通快递(STO)和韵达股份(Yunda) 因其盈利弹性更高 均给予买入评级[5] * 维持对圆通速递(YTO)和顺丰控股(SF Holding)A/H股的买入评级和目标价[5] * 给予德邦股份(Deppon Logistics)减持评级 因其估值偏高[5] * 具体目标价与上行空间：圆通目标价20.40元(上行26%)[9] 申通目标价20.70元(上行30%)[9] 韵达目标价10.40元(上行26%)[9] 顺丰A股目标价56.00元(上行20%) H股目标价61.60港元(上行36%)[9] 德邦目标价12.30元(下行26%)[9] 其他重要内容 * 专家认为 在强制性成本增加后 快递产业链可能难以维持盈利 如果成本最终转嫁给消费者 快递价格可能会进一步上涨[4] * 报告预计强劲的包裹量增长将推动收入增长并支持重新评级[9] * 列明了各公司的主要下行风险 包括价格竞争加剧[9]、份额下降[9]、宏观经济疲软[9]及估值过高[5]等

核心财务表现 - 第二季度每股收益0.35美元，同比下降[1] - 总营收16.5亿美元，同比增长[1] - 调整后净利润21亿美元[2] - 毛利润同比下降18.7%，毛利率从去年同期33.8%降至24.9%[4] - 运营支出4.693亿人民币（约6550万美元），去年同期为4.053亿人民币[4] 业务运营数据 - 包裹量达98亿件，核心快递业务收入增长11%[2][3] - 单票价格同比下降4.7%，业务量增长16.5%[3] - 大客户(KA)收入增长149.7%，主要受电商退件增长驱动[3] - 货代服务收入同比下降22.7%[3] - 配件销售收入增长9.5%（主要为热敏纸销售）[4] 2025年业绩指引调整 - 下调全年包裹量指引至388-401亿件（原指引408-422亿件）[1] - 年增长率预期从20-24%下调至14-18%[1] 现金流状况 - 期末现金及等价物18.5亿美元，较上季度17.1亿美元有所增长[5] 同业公司对比 - 达美航空(DAL)每股收益2.10美元（扣除非经常项目），同比下降11%[6] - JB亨特运输(JBHT)每股收益1.31美元，同比下降0.8%，营收29.3亿美元[7] - 联合航空(UAL)调整后每股收益3.87美元，同比下降6.5%，客运收入138亿美元[10][11]